Roi Ziv, “First Corinthians 6.1-6: Roman Court or Private Arbitration?” New Testament Studies 70 (2024), 160.
In 1 Cor 6.1–11, Paul is arguing against litigation in legal avenues outside the ekklēsia, and advocates an internal ecclesiastical system for settling disputes. This Pauline passage played an important role in the formation of the ecclesiastical jurisdiction, which operated alongside the existing civil legal system, with increasing independence and power, in the Late Roman Empire. From antiquity up until our times, not least among modern scholars, Paul has been consistently understood as arguing against members of the ekklēsia taking each other to Roman courts. This understanding of 1 Cor 6.1–11 has had major historical, legal and theological implications.
The Amateur Exegete 